By Dr. Susanne L. King
Berkshire Eagle
Tuesday, April 11
LENOX
MANY PEOPLE have been cheering the new health care bill that was passed by the Massachusetts Legislature, which is supposed to provide universal health care coverage for our state. The bill has three provisions to expand health care coverage to the uninsured. The first is to expand Medicaid eligibility, by allowing more people to qualify for this government program. The second is to offer government subsidies to low-income individuals. And the third is to require those making more than three times the poverty level (about $30,000 for a single person), to buy insurance or pay a fine. The politicians want us to believe that this is a home run, but I am not cheering.
Extending health care to the uninsured so that everyone is covered (universal health insurance) is an important aspect of health care reform. However, it is unclear whether this bill will be able to achieve that goal. In addition, universality is only the first of the five criteria proposed by the Institute of Medicine for health care reform. The other four criteria are not addressed in the current bill: that health care be continuous, i.e., not tied to a job (2); affordable for individuals and families (3); affordable for society (4); and equitable and patient-centered (5).
Politicians have assumed that only 500,000 people in Massachusetts are uninsured. However, the Census Bureau reports 748,000 uninsured, 50 percent more people than were counted in the Legislature’s figure-crunching for the bill. That leaves out a lot of people from the new bill, or costs a lot more money than the Legislature anticipated.
Since health care insurance will still be tied to jobs with this health care bill, it is not possible for it to be continuous. One of the thrusts of the current legislation is to make businesses accountable in supplying health care insurance to their employees. When your health care insurance is tied to a job, it is not portable if you change jobs; and you are forced to change insurance if your employer shifts to a different carrier.
Is the current legislation affordable for Massachusetts? The funding for the bill is nebulous. The state hopes to retain the federal Medicaid dollars that were in jeopardy without an expansion of coverage, but that is a small portion of the current $59 billion health care budget, which is estimated to increase by $25 billion over the next three years. Businesses with more than 10 employees may have to pay $295 per employee if they don’t offer insurance, but Medicaid hikes to hospitals (provided in the bill) will triple the amount garnered from businesses. And the bill projects savings from “market reform” and patients being treated in doctors’ offices instead of emergency rooms. These savings may be imaginary.
Another false assumption is that people will be able to buy affordable insurance. None of the insurance companies have yet offered such plans, but the estimate from the Statehouse is that these low-cost plans may set an individual back about $325 a month. Along with the insurance plan deductible allowed by the legislation, this would work out to more than 20 percent of the income from an individual making $30,000, scarcely an affordable plan.
Is this legislation equitable and patient-centered? Patients still will not have their choice of doctors or hospitals: the insurance plans will continue to dictate who you can see and where you can go for your health care. The promises that the uninsured would be offered comprehensive care through this legislation is also an empty one: the only way to get cheaper plans, and still maintain insurance company profits, is to boost deductibles and co-payments, and provide fewer covered services. Comprehensive coverage is not a feature of this bill. It remains to be seen what devastating gaps will be created. Equitable insurance would be for everyone in the state to have the same health care benefits that our elected representatives have.
Finally, is this legislation affordable for Massachusetts? It does nothing to contain the skyrocketing costs of health care in our state. Instead, it gives new infusions of cash to the private insurers and some big hospitals. The Boston Globe reported that lobbyists for insurance companies, some hospitals, and other major players in the health care industry were paid at least $7.5 million in 2005, as the Legislature took up this bill. This is not health care reform: this is business as usual for the private health care insurance industry.
And as usual, the insurance industry will not just maintain, but will increase, its profits. The American Medical News reported that health plans made more money, and spent less on health care in 2005, than in previous years. While the insurance companies make money providing coverage for the healthy workforce and their young healthy families, we taxpayers foot the bills for those segments of the population with greater health care needs.
If we were to take the $9,100/ year per person that we spend in Massachusetts (more than any state or country in the world), and use it for health care rather than insurance company profits, we would be able to provide truly universal, affordable, continuous, equitable and comprehensive care to the citizens of the commonwealth. We need a single-payer health care system, in which the government collects and administers the funds for health care, eliminating the insurance company middlemen.
That would be a spectacular home run for the state of Massachusetts.
