By Liz Kowalczyk
The Boston Globe
April 17, 2010
Health insurers are starting to sell policies that largely bar consumers from receiving medical care at popular but expensive hospitals such as Massachusetts General and Brigham and Women’s — a once radical idea that is gaining traction as a way to control soaring health care costs.
Amid intense scrutiny into why health care costs in Massachusetts are climbing 7.5 percent a year, limited networks have emerged as the most immediate way to control costs.
The Group Insurance Commission (the agency that oversees health insurance for state employees) required its two largest providers — Harvard Pilgrim and Tufts Health Plan — to develop restrictive networks this spring.
(Dolores Mitchell, executive director of Group Insurance Commission) acknowledged that restricted plans could lead to problems in the market, if healthy employees migrate to cheaper plans and those with serious illness remain in more expensive open networks because they need broad access to the advanced care provided at teaching hospitals. That outcome could raise costs for individuals in the open plans, since costs would be spread among fewer employees.
Comment:
By Don McCanne, MD
Massachusetts intends to expand the use of limited provider networks in order to slow the rise in costs. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act also specifically allows the use of limited provider networks for the private plans that are to be established within the state insurance exchanges. The campaign rhetoric was that patients should have choice, yet the legislation limits patient choice of hospitals and health care professionals.
Losing choice is a big price to pay for allowing each private insurer to assemble provider lists based on lowest prices, especially when that doesn’t control total costs but only shifts costs. Contrast that with a single payer that negotiates appropriate prices with every provider on behalf of all patients. Appropriate prices would be based on legitimate costs plus fair profits throughout the health care delivery system. An expanded and improved primary care system would provide a portal for access to appropriate specialized services in any appropriate institution.
How would that work for expensive academic medical centers? Institutions would negotiate global budgets with consideration of patient care, teaching, and research services, and separate budgeting for capital improvements. The patient care component should not be any more expensive than similar care provided at the community level, except for high-tech services provided exclusively by the academic center. Even those services should be priced appropriately and accessed only when clinical screening indicates that they are warranted. Patients need guidance in order to prevent inappropriate choices of non-beneficial, high-tech services.
Restrictive provider networks are simply one more perversity that we don’t need in our health care financing system.