PNHP

Uninsured trauma patients

Downwardly Mobile - The Accidental Cost of Being Uninsured

By Heather Rosen, MD, MPH; Fady Saleh, MD, MPH; Stuart Lipsitz, ScD; Selwyn O. Rogers Jr, MD, MPH; Atul A. Gawande, MD, MPH
Archives of Surgery
November 2009

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimate that in 2004, there were 112 012 deaths related to unintentional injuries alone in the United States. Unintentional injury is within the top 10 causes of death for every age group and is the leading cause of death among persons aged 1 to 44 years.

Uninsured trauma patients in the NTDB (National Trauma Data Bank) had a statistically significant higher adjusted odds of mortality compared with insured trauma patients. Our subgroup analyses strongly corroborated these findings. In younger patients (aged 18-30 years), the adjusted odds of mortality after trauma remained higher for uninsured patients compared with insured patients, indicating that the differences persist in a relatively healthy cohort. In the subgroup analyses of head-injured patients and those with 1 or more comorbidities in the NTDB, the adjusted odds of mortality in the uninsured population remained significantly high.

Most recent research has concentrated on decreased (or lack of) access to care as a result of being uninsured. However, we found that, even after admission to a hospital, trauma patients can have worse outcomes based on insurance status. This concerning finding warrants more rigorous investigation to determine why such variation in mortality would exist in a system where equivalent care is not only expected but mandated by law.

We can only speculate as to the mechanism of the disparities we have exposed; the true causes are still unclear. Although the lack of insurance may not be the only explanation for the disparity in trauma mortality, the accidental costs of being uninsured in the United States today may be too high to continue to overlook.

http://archsurg.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/short/144/11/1006

Comment:

By Don McCanne, MD

Uninsured trauma patients are more likely to die than insured patients in spite of the fact that treatment is mandated by law. This study did not explain the reasons for the differences.

Delay? Different care? Lower health literacy? Or was there simply less enthusiasm on the part of the providers of care once it was realized that they would not be compensated for their efforts?

This study and several others have demonstrated that death can be a consequence of being uninsured. But there are other important consequences as well. Access to health care that can maintain or improve quality of life is impaired, with consequent adverse outcomes. Financial hardship is almost a given in uninsured individuals with significant health problems.

Instead of searching for alternative explanations for adverse outcomes in the uninsured, we should admit that being uninsured is bad for your health and bad for your finances, and then do something about it. Individual responsibility alone is not enough. Social solutions are required.

Uninsured trauma patients

Downwardly Mobile – The Accidental Cost of Being Uninsured

By Heather Rosen, MD, MPH; Fady Saleh, MD, MPH; Stuart Lipsitz, ScD; Selwyn O. Rogers Jr, MD, MPH; Atul A. Gawande, MD, MPH
Archives of Surgery
November 2009
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimate that in 2004, there were 112 012 deaths related to unintentional injuries alone in the United States. Unintentional injury is within the top 10 causes of death for every age group and is the leading cause of death among persons aged 1 to 44 years.
Uninsured trauma patients in the NTDB (National Trauma Data Bank) had a statistically significant higher adjusted odds of mortality compared with insured trauma patients. Our subgroup analyses strongly corroborated these findings. In younger patients (aged 18-30 years), the adjusted odds of mortality after trauma remained higher for uninsured patients compared with insured patients, indicating that the differences persist in a relatively healthy cohort. In the subgroup analyses of head-injured patients and those with 1 or more comorbidities in the NTDB, the adjusted odds of mortality in the uninsured population remained significantly high.
Most recent research has concentrated on decreased (or lack of) access to care as a result of being uninsured. However, we found that, even after admission to a hospital, trauma patients can have worse outcomes based on insurance status. This concerning finding warrants more rigorous investigation to determine why such variation in mortality would exist in a system where equivalent care is not only expected but mandated by law.
We can only speculate as to the mechanism of the disparities we have exposed; the true causes are still unclear. Although the lack of insurance may not be the only explanation for the disparity in trauma mortality, the accidental costs of being uninsured in the United States today may be too high to continue to overlook.
http://archsurg.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/short/144/11/1006

Uninsured trauma patients are more likely to die than insured patients in spite of the fact that treatment is mandated by law. This study did not explain the reasons for the differences.
Delay? Different care? Lower health literacy? Or was there simply less enthusiasm on the part of the providers of care once it was realized that they would not be compensated for their efforts?
This study and several others have demonstrated that death can be a consequence of being uninsured. But there are other important consequences as well. Access to health care that can maintain or improve quality of life is impaired, with consequent adverse outcomes. Financial hardship is almost a given in uninsured individuals with significant health problems.
Instead of searching for alternative explanations for adverse outcomes in the uninsured, we should admit that being uninsured is bad for your health and bad for your finances, and then do something about it. Individual responsibility alone is not enough. Social solutions are required.