Donald W. Light, Ph.D. responds on Enthoven’s managed competition model:
Hope springs eternal for Enthoven. He forgets his own previous analyses, where he describes how for-profit HMOs did not set themselves up as group models that would allow such plan – plan competition, but instead all signed up a large proportion of the same physician pools in order to maximize appeal to policy-holders, thereby emasculating his competition model. If only HMOs would behave as the competition model says they are supposed to behave!